Peter Drucker on Knowledge Workers, Management and Leadership Essay Example

Peter Drucker on Knowledge Workers, Management and Leadership Essay If youre reading this, youre almost certainly a knowledge worker of one sort or another. And if youre a knowledge worker within an organization, heres an essential question you need to ask: Am I being managed, or am I being led? And if in turn youre responsible for the performance of other knowledge workers, you need to ask yourself: Am I managing, or am I leading? Im prompted to ask these questions by Peter Druckers Management Challenges of the 21st Century, one of the most insightful and thought-provoking books Ive ever read, and one I return to regularly, nearly a decade after its publication. The first chapter in this pithy volume, Managements New Paradigms, explodes six deeply flawed assumptions that Drucker saw underlying the discipline and practice of contemporary management. Assumption #3 is There is, or there must be, one right way to manage people, and Drucker uses this as the starting point for an exploration of the characteristics of knowledge workers and why they must be led and not merely managed. An excerpt from pages 17-22 of the Harper Business paperback edition: In no other area are the basic traditional assumptions [about management] held as firmly as in respect to people and their management. And in no other area are they so totally at odds with reality and so totally counterproductive On [the] fundamental assumption that there isor at least should beone and only one right way to manage people rest all the other assumptions about people in organizations and their management. One of these assumptions is that the people who work for an organization re subordinates [F]ewer and fewer people are subordinateseven in fairly low-level jobs. Increasingly they are knowledge workers. And knowledge workers are not subordinates; they are associates. For, once beyond the apprentice stage, knowledge workers must know more about their job than their boss doesor else they are no good at all. In fact, that they know more about their job than anybody else in the organization is part of the definition of knowledge workers We will write a custom essay sample on Peter Drucker on Knowledge Workers, Management and Leadership specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Peter Drucker on Knowledge Workers, Management and Leadership specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Peter Drucker on Knowledge Workers, Management and Leadership specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To be sure, these associates are subordinates in that they depend on the boss when it comes to being hired or fired, promoted, appraised and so on. But in his or her own job the superior can perform only if these so-called subordinates take responsibility for educating him or her In turn, these subordinates depend on the superior for direction. They depend on the superior to tell them what the score is. Their relationship, in other words, is far more like that between the conductor of an orchestra and the instrumentalist than it is like the traditional superior/subordinate relationship

Cutting and Scarification Research Paper

Cutting and Scarification Research Paper Free Online Research Papers An intense piercing fire burns you, and a thin line of blood creeps up where the blade has just been. If you identify with this sentence, then cutting might be something you enjoy. There are a lot of things to think about if you want to try cutting or even if youre already a cutter. These things include where and how deep you cut, what you cut with, and cleanliness. Picking a location to cut is pretty important. You dont want to cut over anyplace that has veins or arteries close to the surface of the skin. This means that recreational cutting on someplace like your wrist is bad. Also avoid places with bone close to the skin. The outside of your upper arm and the top of your thigh are good places. After youve picked a location, wipe or spray the skin there with alcohol to ensure that its clean. There are a number of things that can be used to slice on skin, but just because you can use it, doesnt mean you should. Note that there is always a risk of scarring when you are cut, but the sharper the blade and the less deep you cut, the lower your risk is of scarring. That said, you should always pick a sharp blade to use when cutting. You might get disposable scalpels from a medical supply store or from online stores that sell tools specifically for body modification. A knife with a clean smooth blade may be used if it has been very well sharpened and sterilized. Those that are interested in play piercing and have the needles on hand may want to use the tip of a new hypodermic needle. For beginning cutters, the lancets used when testing blood glucose do well because its harder to cut yourself deeply with them. This will allow you to get used to how deep a cut can be made and how to avoid cutting to deeply. Cleanliness is an incredibly important thing when cutting. Use alcohol to clean your skin and the tools you use. Having alcohol prep pads or a spray bottle full of alcohol makes this easier. Gauze pads, butterfly bandages, medical tape, and antibiotic ointment are useful to have handy for when the cutting is done. When you are through making your cuts, lay a gauze pad over the wound and give it one or two solid slaps or a punch. If you cant do this yourself, have a friend near by to do it for you. This will prevent a hematoma (swelling at the site where a blood vessel is broken) from forming by compressing the ends of the cut vessels. Note that while this covers some of the basics of cutting, no article can replace the knowledge of an experienced and safe cutter, and it is best to cut with experienced supervision. Body modification of any sort is something that should be given great thought to and decided on with a sound mind. If your desire to cut comes from depression, then its best that you seek treatment from a medical health professional rather than self medicating with pain. Research Papers on Cutting and Scarification Research PaperNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseGenetic EngineeringStandardized TestingDefinition of Export QuotasBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Hockey Game

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Research Paper Example The U.S. no longer manufacture enough to feed it is locals. The economic situation is unsustainable. The United States imports more than it is able to export. The U.S. is disposing off it is assets to sustain a moderate standard of living. In some constraining circumstances, the U.S. is taking massive debts to sustain the economy from falling (Baker & Baker, 2011). According to Cotton (1958), economical problems reflect the inadequacy of intellectual and material resources in the society. United States is world super power characterized by the control of the world in decision making of economic nature. Also notwithstanding, it is the most unequal industrialized nation, apart from the few Asians city states. Some of the economic problems now facing include the following (Cotton, 1958). There is the problem of trade deficits. Currently the U.S. imports more than it exports. For this reason the net cash outflow is negative. The U.S. has failed to produce enough to feed it is people; hence it is forced to import food from other countries. While this is happening, the regulatory and tax system have without a vivid reason raised domestic business costs. Apart from this, the fundamental cause to the present economic crisis in the U.S. was caused by the three decades detrimental U.S. trade and globalization policies (Baker & Baker, 2011). In addition, the economic problem in the U.S. is the inaccessibility to the markets. U.S. has naively and assumed that other countries will carry and hold themselves to the U.S. standards. The measured standards here include environment, labor and competition policy, Cotton (1958). These standards greatly affect the cost of production in the U.S. Economically, â€Å"if these countries fail to adhere to these standards, they gain an unfair cost advantage†. It is believed that U.S market has lost it is former glory, due the participation in the world trade.

HW 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HW 8 - Essay Example -The company can also use results from PEST analysis to determine which upcoming markets are worth investing in, and the expected return, which when maximized, will help keep the business several steps ahead of its competitors. The economic crisis that hit the banking sector in 2008 that resulted in the failure of several banks across the world directly affected the business as it limited access to funds for investment. To counter this, the business resolved to increase efficiency in its production by reducing the use of natural resources and decreasing waste by employing lean production techniques. The result of which was a considerable decrease in cost of production, while at the same time keeping the environment clean. Secondly, during the 1970’s, a number of governments introduced rules that aimed at minimizing air pollution from running engines. The Company noticed an opportunity and came up with efficient catalytic converters that convert harmful gasses to less harmful substances. Human resource development refers to the ability to attach value to the human work force and developing their abilities to maximize output. The process is a dynamic one that involves proper selection of a good work force to hire, providing a good environment for the people to work on and deliver to their full potential, as well as giving the employees an opportunity to develop themselves. With increased employee engagement comes improved product quality. This is because better-engaged employees understand and live up to the company’s brand, which translates to excellence in the end product. Secondly, employee engagement also helps the workers in utilizing their full potential, enabling then to identify their strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities available for them to develop. There are three ways employed by Harrods in an attempt to involve its employees in

Treatment of Folk Illnesses Essay Example for Free

Treatment of Folk Illnesses Essay The world offers every people a chance to be sick due to some of the outside factors that can harm someone else’s health. There are hazards for the lungs like pollution and for the stomach which are the bacteria and microorganisms that are prevalent everywhere. Even with the body parts of a human being, one can already find some threats that can cause cholera or diarrhea in their faces or hands where there is staphylococcal party if not reproduction their colonies. Of course regarding some diseases, there are many classical methods that the old people think would help cure these hazards to health. There are also many documents that support the researchers’ views about the different ways our ancestors deal with their sicknesses before. Using the reference mentioned below, we can see that there are already developments in our ancestors’ way of thinking that they are devising strategies in order to cure their own illnesses by the naturally occurring cures that can be seen elsewhere then. Say, garlic is used to treat hypertension and oregano is used as an expectorant which I think is still effective until today. The concept of having a set of ready to pick and ready-made medicines gave the early people especially in Mexico that whatever disease they might be getting in the atmosphere or environment is curable and can easily be neglected after some time. However for this mind set, there might be some difficulties and disadvantages given that we already have technological diseases also. These conditions can be from the improvement and development of the facilities that we are using nowadays. The causes of disease in the present time are from complex matters such as chemical intoxication and suffocation due to the complexity of course of the activities we do everyday. These diseases might not be cured immediately by the set of the native way our old fellows treat their conflicts or struggles regarding their health. As what is already mentioned, the use of garlic as antibiotic is still useful. In fact the safety of using it was ranked with three positive signs, however, for extreme reasons, a bulb of garlic will not be enough to lower the blood pressure of a person. Hence, medical treatment is already needed in order to provide the patient the right medication and avoid the risk of killing him/her. For all we know, hypertension is also related with heart attack and some fatal heart disease. If in case there are some patients who got their diseases using the folk style of treating illnesses, it is still important that the doctor will have a set of explanations that will make the patient understand wholeheartedly that the old way of seeking for cure is not effective with their diseases. There should be some ready-answers so that the doctor will find it easy to make them understand and appreciate the modern way of curing. It will also be helpful if the doctor will be very careful of delivering the message to the patient not offending their traditions on using some herbs to medicate them. The patient in turn should be ready to accept the information a doctor might give him/her since he/she in the first place consulted or chose to seek for a doctor’s help. Health is an important aspect in a human’s life. It is a source of the driving force of every man that will enable them to pursue each day with joy and gladness. Folk style medication is as good as the modern medicine as long as people who use it understand how it works and how it is applied with every single disease corresponding to one substance or case. But as what many doctors say, it is really better to seek advice from experts who have already studied the concepts, what-about’s, how-about’s and where-about’s of different diseases. We might be harmed by the hearsays since the folk concepts are being transferred from a generation to another generation that there is a high possibility of misinformation and the like. It is a good thing we give attention to what our ancestors have given and developed, and good as it is, we are able to have doctors, scientists and nurses that modified, developed and improved our knowledge about our health enabling us to become healthier people. Reference Nancy Neff. Folk Medicine in Hispanics in the Southwestern United States. Retrieved 6 February 2008 from http://www.rice.edu/projects/HispanicHealth/Courses/mod7/mod7.html

Main Types of Business Ownership Essay -- Business and Management Stud

Different types of ownership of business ranging from the simple to the complex. Here I will cover the main types, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of each leading to a decision on which type of ownership is most appropriate for my business. Types of ownership ================== There are many different types of ownership of business ranging from the simple to the complex. Here I will cover the main types, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of each leading to a decision on which type of ownership is most appropriate for my business. Sole Proprietors ================ A sole proprietor, or sole trader, is the name given to someone who runs the business by themselves. This is usually someone who is particularly skilled in one area or had a very good and marketable idea. There are many advantages and disadvantages to setting up a sole proprietorship. Advantages ========== Sole proprietorships often require less capital to start up than the bigger businesses. This is because they are usually smaller and have less staff to start with. This cost is minimal and often only a few hundred pounds. Sole proprietorships are easy to set up, few forms and licenses need to be obtained and the business can start almost straight away, resulting in less time being unemployed. The only official form you need to fill in is a inland revenue form for use when calculating income tax, it also entitles you to many tax advantages outlined later. Of course you need to write a business plan, complete with cashflow forecasts etc but this was it. These businesses are easy to maintain and run. This is because the owner has little or no oppositon for her ideas and plans. Also, it is possible for the owner to act as their own accountant, saving them lots of money. The owner has an increased level of control, they have the rite to change the business whenever they feel like it and have the advantage of not having to call shareholder meetings. One of the largest advantages is the allocation of profits. Unlike larger companies sole proprietorships don't need to distribute profit amongst it's shareholders. All profit goes directly to the owner, who does with it as he or she sees fit. Because of the owner's status as a sole trader, she does not need to publish her accounts. Therefore she can keep her business priv... ...large amounts of debt then the owners would not be obliged to pay off any of that personally. This is a big bonus to the company as it is much easier to attract potential investors who are not willing to risk unlimited liability. These are the main advantages of becoming a limited company, and while they don't seem much they are actually a huge bonus. Disadvantages ============= A limited company has to display information to the public at the end of every fiscal year. Some companies may not want so much information released. It can also be fairly expensive, costing a minimum of  £700 a year to prepare a report. Complying with the rules of the London stock exchange is also a big disadvantage to any limited company and very costly. However companies can list themselves in the alternative investment market (AIM). This is quite a lot cheaper but is seen as more risky by prospective employers. This can make it quite hard for a business to attract new shareholders. Suitability =========== Overall I think this is the most suitable choice for my business. This way I am likely to attract more investors plus I would not have to suffer from unlimited liability.

Compare and Contarst Essay

Egypt and Mesopotamia have both similarities and differences, throughout both of these civilizations from back to 3,500 B.C. The political and social structures in these civilizations were different and the same in their own way. The political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia included hierarchy power, land control, and centralized government. The similarities between both civilizations are social class, male patriarchy, and kings. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had differences of their political and social structures. Egypt had more of authorial government, where one head person was in charge which in this case was the pharaoh, which was the head on Egypt social class, as well as leader of his society. The Pharaoh was basically a king ruling for his people, while Mesopotamia, had city states, which was controlled by priest kings. Another difference is that in Egypt the Pharaoh had complete control over the land, while in Mesopotamia the kings were not so powerful, and the land w as split with others such as priest kings. Lastly, Egypt had a centralized government, while Mesopotamia did not have this. Egypt was ruled under one leader and was together as a unity. Egypt had an overall leader such as the Pharaoh, which helped Egypt stay united as one government and civilization. Mesopotamia didn’t have this they were lacking this, they had a lack of barriers and a constant competition for power led to continuous warfare between the two societies. This made Mesopotamia not united at all and made them weak and an unstable society. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had their similarities of political and social structures in their societies. One similarity of the social structure of both civilizations is that at the bottom of their social class were slaves and peasants. Both societies had this in their social class. Another similarity is both civilizations had male dominance, which turned to the agriculture revolution, which degraded women because of decreased dependency and their lack of labor skills. This revolution happens in both civilizations, which caused for male dominance to occur because women became house wives and were stuck to be inside. Lastly Kings were in both civilizations social class, both civilizations consisted of a king, even though each civilization king had their own power and ruling, each society had a suited king. This king ruled over the land for the people. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt consisted of this. In conclusion, Egypt and  Mesopotamia had their own similarities as well, as their differences from 3,500 B.C. Each society had similar traits, from kings ruling the land, male dominance in both Egypt and Mesopotamia, from the Neolithic era. As well, as the social class, of slaves and peasants being the lower or bottom class on the social class. Differences ranged from the power of government leaders, such as pharaohs and kings, who had what control of which land in the civilization, and lastly the government itself, and how it was kept and was it stable and strong, or weak and falling. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt came across both these similarities and differences. Egypt and Mesopotamia have both similarities and differences, throughout both of these civilizations from back to 3,500 B.C. The political and social structures in these civilizations were different and the same in their own way. The political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia included hierarchy power, land control, and centralized government. The similarities between both civilizations are social class, male patriarchy, and kings. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had differences of their political and social structures. Egypt had more of authorial government, where one head person was in charge which in this case was the pharaoh, which was the head on Egypt social class, as well as leader of his society. The Pharaoh was basically a king ruling for his people, while Mesopotamia, had city states, which was controlled by priest kings. Another difference is that in Egypt the Pharaoh had complete control over the land, while in Mesopotamia the kings were not so powerful, and the land was split with others such as priest kings. Lastly, Egypt had a centralized government, while Mesopotamia did not have this. Egypt was ruled under one leader and was together as a unity. Egypt had an overall leader such as the Pharaoh, which helped Egypt stay united as one government and civilization. Mesopotamia didn’t have this they were lacking this, they had a lack of barriers and a constant competition for power led to continuous warfare between the two societies. This made Mesopotamia not united at all and made them weak and an unstable society. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had their similarities of political and social structures in their societies. One similarity of the social structure of both civilizations is that at the bottom of their social class were slaves and peasants. Both societies had this in their social class. Another  similarity is both civilizations had male dominance, which turned to the agriculture revolution, which degraded women because of decreased dependency and their lack of labor skills. This revolution happens in both civilizations, which caused for male dominance to occur because women became house wives and were stuck to be inside. Lastly Kings were in both civilizations social class, both civilizations consisted of a king, even though each civilization king had their own power and ruling, each society had a suited king. This king ruled over the land for the people. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt consisted of this. In conclusion, Egypt and Mesopotamia had their own similarities as well, as their differences from 3,500 B.C. Each society had similar traits, from kings ruling the land, male dominance in both Egypt and Mesopotamia, from the Neolithic era. As well, as the social class, of slaves and peasants being the lower or bottom class on the social class. Differences ranged from the power of government leaders, such as pharaohs and kings, who had what control of which land in the civilization, and lastly the government itself, and how it was kept and was it stable and strong, or weak and falling. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt came across both these similarities and differences. Egypt and Mesopotamia have both similarities and differences, throughout both of these civilizations from back to 3,500 B.C. The political and social structures in these civilizations were different and the same in their own way. The political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia included hierarchy power, land control, and centralized government. The similarities between both civilizations are social class, male patriarchy, and kings. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had differences of their political and social structures. Egypt had more of authorial government, where one head person was in charge which in this case was the pharaoh, which was the head on Egypt social class, as well as leader of his society. The Pharaoh was basically a king ruling for his people, while Mesopotamia, had city states, which was controlled by priest kings. Another difference is that in Egypt the Pharaoh had complete control over the land, while in Mesopotamia the kings were not so powerful, and the land was split with others such as priest kings. Lastly, Egypt had a centralized government, while Mesopotamia did not have this. Egypt was ruled under one leader and was together as a  unity. Egypt had an overall leader such as the Pharaoh, which helped Egypt stay united as one government and civilization. Mesopotamia didn’t have this they were lacking this, they had a lack of barriers and a constant competition for power led to continuous warfare between the two societies. This made Mesopotamia not united at all and made them weak and an unstable society. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had their similarities of political and social structures in their societies. One similarity of the social structure of bot h civilizations is that at the bottom of their social class were slaves and peasants. Both societies had this in their social class. Another similarity is both civilizations had male dominance, which turned to the agriculture revolution, which degraded women because of decreased dependency and their lack of labor skills. This revolution happens in both civilizations, which caused for male dominance to occur because women became house wives and were stuck to be inside. Lastly Kings were in both civilizations social class, both civilizations consisted of a king, even though each civilization king had their own power and ruling, each society had a suited king. This king ruled over the land for the people. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt consisted of this. In conclusion, Egypt and Mesopotamia had their own similarities as well, as their differences from 3,500 B.C. Each society had similar traits, from kings ruling the land, male dominance in both Egypt and Mesopotamia, from the Neolithic era. As well, as the social class, of slaves and peasants being the lower or bottom class on the social class. Differences ranged from the power of government leaders, such as pharaohs and kings, who had what control of which land in the civilization, and lastly the government itself, and how it was kept and was it stable and strong, or weak and falling. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt came across both these similarities and differences.